Menstrual Symptoms

Different Types

There aren't specific types of PMS or ovulation pain. However, there are two types of dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain: primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea.

Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by the over-production of hormone-like substances called prostaglandins. A relative excess of prostaglandins make the normally painless, rhythmic contractions of the uterine muscles longer and tighter. These longer contractions temporarily deprive the uterus of oxygen, which in turn causes the sensation of pain from the uterine muscle - much like the muscle cramps one experiences after strenuous exercise. There are no identifiable underlying gynecological problems associated with primary dysmenorrhea and it is considered to be part of a normal cycle.

Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstruation pain caused by a disorder or disease, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis (abnormal location of cells from the lining of the uterus) or uterine fibroids (non-cancerous growths). Secondary menstrual pain often feels different from primary dysmenorrhea because it may:

• Last longer, occurring before and during and after menstruation
• Be reproduced during or after sexual intercourse
• Be associated with abnormal bowel function
• Be associated with unusually heavy or irregular bleeding

If you suspect you might have secondary dysmenorrhea, you should talk to your doctor.